Regular physical activity offers numerous health benefits, including the prevention of chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, some cancers, and osteoporosis. In addition, exercise enhances immune function and pain control, reduces fall risk, and extends life expectancy. Mental health benefits include improved mood, reduced anxiety, and decreased risk of dementia and depression.
Despite these benefits, the majority of adults in the United States do not meet the recommended guidelines for physical activity. Studies have shown that outdoor places such as parks and trails are effective settings for physical activity, with the COVID-19 pandemic highlighting the importance of being in nature for both physical and mental health.
In a study published in the American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, Jay Maddock, a Regents Professor at Texas A&M University, and Howard Frumkin, a Hagler Fellow, assessed the scientific evidence regarding physical activity in natural settings and developed strategies for promoting these activities.
Research suggests that exercising in a park or other natural setting is more beneficial than exercising indoors, with factors such as physical features, natural features, activities, and a welcoming environment contributing to the popularity of these venues. However, access to parks and greenspaces varies across demographic groups, with disparities seen in usage among different populations.
Maddock and Frumkin offer four options for health care professionals to encourage the use of parks and other natural settings by their patients. These include prescribing nature contact, modeling the behavior themselves, engaging in community efforts, and supporting the creation and maintenance of parks and greenspaces through various funding sources.
Overall, the use of parks and natural settings for physical activities could be a powerful tool for promoting healthy behaviors and addressing the lack of exercise and outdoor time among Americans.
